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Institute of Labour Market Information and Analysis (ILMIA)
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Soalan Lazim

What is the function of ILMIA?

ILMIA serves as an information centre for labour data and analysis for the Malaysian labour market. At ILMIA, we are responsible for ensuring that data is accurate and up to date as well as facilitating data sharing with users. ILMIA is also the agency responsible for conducting research / studies on the labour market in Malaysia. The results of these studies will be published and used as a guide for policy-making relating to national labour.

What kind of data can be obtained from ILMIA?

Among the data that are available are data on key labour market indicators, supply and demand by economic sectors and NKEAs, average wage according to sectors, and skills by occupation.

Who uses ILMIA Portal?

ILMIA aims to inform users that are government, independent researchers, self-employed and employers, employees, students and public. The ILMIA portal can be used by all categories of user and strives to use language that is simple, non-technical and easily understood by all.

From where does ILMIA source the data that it analyses?

Data sources are obtained principally from several government agencies such as the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Education, Bank Negara Malaysia, the Economic Planning Unit, Ministry of Human Resources and others, including the private sector if made available.

What is the difference between the terms 'Labour Force' and 'Workforce'?

The term 'labour force' refers to all people in Malaysia aged between 15 and 64 years who are at work or unemployed. The 'Workforce' is another category which includes those who do any work for pay, profit or family gain (whether as employer, employee, self-employed or unpaid family worker).

What is the definition of 'Unemployment' and the 'Unemployment Rate'?

  • 'Unemployment' means the population aged between 15 and 64 years in the labour force category who are willing to, and actively looking for, work.
  • 'Unemployment rate' means the number of unemployed compared to the total labour force expressed as a percentage.

What is meant by 'Outside The Labour Force' and how does it differ from unemployment?

'Outside the labour force' refers to those who are not classified as employed or unemployed, such as housewives, students, retirees and those not interested in finding employment. Unemployed, on the other hand, means those who have yet to get a job but are willing to, and actively seeking, work.

Is the unemployment rate in Malaysia better than in other countries?

Overall, the unemployment rate in Malaysia is on average 3.4% (2016). This rate is lower than that in Australia (5.8%) and Brazil (5.6%). Malaysia's unemployment rate is basically stable and some would consider that full employment in the economy has been achieved. Although, in principle, a lower unemployment rate indicates the economy is steady, the unemployment rate will not reduce to zero as there will always be unemployment due to frictions or timing lags, as a result of, for example, employees moving to new jobs or changes in technology.

How can i get hold of books published by ILMIA?

Books and journals published by ILMIA are available online (softcopy) in the publications section. In addition, users can apply in writing or visit ILMIA's office to get printed copies.

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  • Director's Message

Director's Message

Greetings and Salam Negaraku Malaysia.

Welcome to the Official Portal of Institute of Labour Market Information and Analysis (ILMIA), Ministry of Human Resource.

The Eleventh Malaysia Plan, 2016-2020, which has great emphasised on the agenda of producing human capital that is equipped with the right knowledge, skills, and attitudes to thrive in a globalised economy. The Government will focus on four areas: improving the efficiency of the labour market to accelerate economic growth, transforming TVET to meet industry demand, strengthening lifelong learning for skills enhancement, and improving the quality of the education system for better student outcomes and institutional excellence. The economic agenda outlined in the Eleventh Plan is expected to create 1.5 million jobs by 2020, with targeted improvements in labour productivity and reduced dependency on low-skilled foreign workers, both of which are a result of the continuous shift from labour-intensive to knowledge- and innovation-based economic activities. 60% of the jobs that will be created are expected to require TVET-related skills. In that regard, TVET is identified as a game changer in how Malaysia produces skilled talent at scale. Collectively, these focus areas will produce the world-class talent base that Malaysia needs in the final leg of its journey towards becoming an advanced nation.

As we know, human capital development is a critical enabler for driving and sustaining Malaysia’s economic growth. The availability of a skilled workforce is necessary to support the transition of all economic sectors towards knowledge-intensive activities, drive labour productivity gains, and attract investment into Malaysia. Furthermore, an efficient and inclusive labour market will resolve mismatches in workforce demand and supply, and enable all Malaysians to participate in and benefit from the nation’s economic growth.

In relation with this, we at ILMIA are proud to be part of the catalyst for national transformation and transition to integrating with the wider world economy. We will continuously strive to provide timely, relevant and reliable labour market information that would help to guide appropriate policy responses from government, industry players, educational institution, labour providers and other stakeholders to deal with the changes in the labour market and to ensure such changes benefit a wide spectrum of the Malaysian population. Today's rapid technological advancement has certainly created a borderless government. In the context of information dissemination, the online media is one of the most useful platforms to ensure messages are being delivered precisely and speedily. Websites, particularly, play a vital role in this process and the enhanced of the credibility of an organization. As such, ILMIA has always emphasised the importance of this tool (website) in sharing important information to both internal and external publics.

To date ILMIA has so far completed studies on Labour Cost Survey in Malaysia: A Comparative Study on Employing Local and Foreign Employees in Private Sector, Union Effectiveness In Malaysia, Malaysian Working in Singapore, Human Capital Issues Within The Machinery/ Equipment and Advanced Engineering Sector and National Employment Return (NER) 2016. Currently, ILMIA is the midst of conducting a study on National Wage Index (NWI) that will serve as a guide and benchmark for employers in determining the right wage level for employees that is in accordance with their qualifications, skills, and productivity. Apart from that, ILMIA has also embarked on initiatives to develop a Labour Market Information Data Warehouse (LMIDW) which aim to improve labour market information for informed decision-making in future. The LMIDW will be updated to include more richer labour market information such as job vacancies, employment projections, and salaries to provide better insights into the demands of industry. In conforming to the National Transformation Program, it is our hope that all the studies and initiatives taken by ILMIA would impart a positive and significant impact upon the landscape of Malaysian Labour Market and strengthening the workforce in future.  The government is not the only sole benefactor of the transformation program, the benefits transcends the public and the nation at large.

Finally, it is my ardent hope that the information in this website would benefit you and provide you with knowledge related to the country labour market outlook. I look forward to your continuous suggestions and ideas in together bringing our Labour Market Information and Analysis to greater heights.


Thank you.

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