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Portal Rasmi Institut Maklumat dan Analisis Pasaran Buruh (ILMIA)
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Frequently Asked Question

What is the function of ILMIA?

ILMIA serves as an information centre for labour data and analysis for the Malaysian labour market. At ILMIA, we are responsible for ensuring that data is accurate and up to date as well as facilitating data sharing with users. ILMIA is also the agency responsible for conducting research / studies on the labour market in Malaysia. The results of these studies will be published and used as a guide for policy-making relating to national labour.

What kind of data can be obtained from ILMIA?

Among the data that are available are data on key labour market indicators, supply and demand by economic sectors and NKEAs, average wage according to sectors, and skills by occupation.

Who uses ILMIA Portal?

ILMIA aims to inform users that are government, independent researchers, self-employed and employers, employees, students and public. The ILMIA portal can be used by all categories of user and strives to use language that is simple, non-technical and easily understood by all.

From where does ILMIA source the data that it analyses?

Data sources are obtained principally from several government agencies such as the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Education, Bank Negara Malaysia, the Economic Planning Unit, Ministry of Human Resources and others, including the private sector if made available.

What is the difference between the terms 'Labour Force' and 'Workforce'?

The term 'labour force' refers to all people in Malaysia aged between 15 and 64 years who are at work or unemployed. The 'Workforce' is another category which includes those who do any work for pay, profit or family gain (whether as employer, employee, self-employed or unpaid family worker).

What is the definition of 'Unemployment' and the 'Unemployment Rate'?

  • 'Unemployment' means the population aged between 15 and 64 years in the labour force category who are willing to, and actively looking for, work.
  • 'Unemployment rate' means the number of unemployed compared to the total labour force expressed as a percentage.

What is meant by 'Outside The Labour Force' and how does it differ from unemployment?

'Outside the labour force' refers to those who are not classified as employed or unemployed, such as housewives, students, retirees and those not interested in finding employment. Unemployed, on the other hand, means those who have yet to get a job but are willing to, and actively seeking, work.

Is the unemployment rate in Malaysia better than in other countries?

Overall, the unemployment rate in Malaysia is on average 3.4% (2016). This rate is lower than that in Australia (5.8%) and Brazil (5.6%). Malaysia's unemployment rate is basically stable and some would consider that full employment in the economy has been achieved. Although, in principle, a lower unemployment rate indicates the economy is steady, the unemployment rate will not reduce to zero as there will always be unemployment due to frictions or timing lags, as a result of, for example, employees moving to new jobs or changes in technology.

How can i get hold of books published by ILMIA?

Books and journals published by ILMIA are available online (softcopy) in the publications section. In addition, users can apply in writing or visit ILMIA's office to get printed copies.

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  • Mengenai ILMIA

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Mengenai ILMIA

Institut Maklumat dan Analisis Pasaran Buruh (ILMIA) yang dikenali hari ini sesungguhnya lahir daripada permulaan yang serba sederhana. Pada November 2005, Jemaah Menteri meluluskan penubuhan sebuah institut yang bebas dan dikenali sebagai Institut Perburuhan Malaysia (INPEK) untuk melaksanakan dan menyelaraskan penyelidikan dan pendidikan dalam bidang buruh dan guna tenaga. INPEK kemudiannya diberi identiti baharu sebagai Institut Sumber Manusia Kebangsaan (ISMK) pada tahun 2007. Pada dasarnya, penubuhan ISMK berperanan sebagai sebuah pusat penyelidikan kepakaran kebangsaan untuk perancangan dan pembangunan sumber manusia; hubungan industri dan undang-undang pekerjaan; pasaran buruh dan hal-hal berkaitan dengan guna tenaga. Fungsi ISMK turut merangkumi penyediaan pendidikan dan latihan bagi buruh dan guna tenaga menerusi penganjuran pelbagai seminar, bengkel, dialog, persidangan dan kursus. Satu lagi misi utama ISMK adalah untuk menyokong dasar dan strategi pembangunan sumber manusia kerajaan menerusi penyediaan input-input berasaskan bukti mengenai buruh dan guna tenaga.

Ketika Model Ekonomi Baru (New Economic Model, NEM) dan tunasnya, iaitu Program Transformasi Ekonomi (Economic Transformation Programme, ETP) diperkenalkan pada 30 Mac 2010, Malaysia dilaporkan tidak mempunyai satu sumber peringkat kebangsaan yang khusus dan diiktiraf berkaitan dengan data yang komprehensif mengenai pasaran buruh. Kelemahan ini memberikan impak terhadap usaha negara untuk merumuskan dasar pembangunan sumber manusia yang berkesan, yang merupakan sebuah prasyarat bagi mencapai status negara maju dan berpendapatan tinggi. Pada 19 April 2011, sebuah Cabinet Workshop telah membentangkan hasil penemuan daripada Human Capital Development Lab yang dilaksanakan oleh Unit Pengurusan Prestasi dan Pelaksanaan (PEMANDU), Jabatan Perdana Menteri. Salah satu hasil makmal berkenaan bersetuju dengan cadangan untuk menjenamakan semula ISMK menjadi Institut Maklumat dan Analisis Pasaran Buruh (ILMIA). Penjenamaan semula ILMIA ini telah berkuat kuasa secara rasmi pada 1 Mei 2012. ILMIA dihasratkan untuk menjadi sebuah pusat kecemerlangan kebangsaan yang bebas di bawah pengawasan langsung Kementerian Sumber Manusia, Malaysia bagi analisis trend pasaran buruh dan isu modal insan terbaharu yang akan membolehkan perancangan sumber manusia yang lebih mantap dan perumusan dasar buruh yang lebih berkesan.

Tidak lama selepas penubuhannya pada Mei 2012, ILMIA terus ditempatkan di lokasi asalnya sebelum ini, iaitu di pejabat Kementerian Sumber Manusia, Tingkat 7, Blok D3, Kompleks D, Putrajaya. ILMIA kemudiannya berpindah ke pejabatnya pada hari ini di Cyberjaya pada 15 Disember 2012.

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